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The US Leader in Stem Cell Therapy, Now in Mexico. Affordable treatments start at $3750 for 25 million stem cells!

Special Promo: Get an additional 25 BILLION Exosomes IV with treatments over 50 million cells!”

What Are Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs)?

Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Simple Terms

They’re multipotent stromal cells—meaning they can become multiple tissue types like bone, cartilage, fat, even muscle cells .

Where Do MSCs Come From?

Source

Abundance

How They’re Collected

Common Uses

Bone Marrow (BM‑MSCs)

Moderate

Needle aspiration

Arthritis, orthopedic injuries

Adipose Tissue (ASCs)

High

Liposuction

Joint injuries, soft tissue repair

Umbilical Cord (UC‑MSCs)

Moderate‑high

Wharton’s jelly extraction

Autoimmune, pediatric therapies

Other (dental pulp, placental)

Low

Tissue biopsy

Early research, niche applications

How Do MSCs Work?

1. Immunomodulation & Anti‑inflammation

2. Paracrine Signaling via Secretome

3. Tissue Regeneration & Homing

MSCs in Modern Medicine

Clinical Trials & Research on MSCs

Are MSCs Safe & Legal?

Safety Profile

Regulatory Landscape

MSCs vs Other Stem Cells

Comparison Area

Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs)

Hematopoietic Stem Cells (HSCs)

iPSCs / Embryonic Cells (ESCs)

Source & Accessibility

Bone marrow, adipose, cord tissue

Bone marrow, peripheral blood

Reprogrammed adult cells or embryos

Differentiation

Multipotent (bone, cartilage, fat)

Only blood/immune cells

Pluripotent: any cell type

Immunogenicity

Low (esp. allogeneic UC‑MSCs)

Moderate (depends on donor/host match)

Higher risk of rejection or teratoma risk

Regulatory Status

One FDA-approved therapy (Ryoncil)

Established, many approvals

Strictly regulated, some early trials

Typical Uses

Inflammation, tissue repair

Transplants for blood cancers

Disease modeling, experimental therapy

Final Thoughts

People Also Ask

Not exactly. MSCs are a type of multipotent stromal cell found in bone marrow and multiple other tissues like fat, umbilical cord, placenta, and dental pulp. They are distinct from hematopoietic (blood) stem cells, which also reside in marrow but produce blood and immune cells. MSCs instead support skeletal tissues or release immune-modulating signals.

Yes, Ryoncil (remestemcel‑L‑rknd) is the first and only FDA-approved MSC therapy, cleared in December 2024 for treating steroid-refractory acute graft‑versus‑host disease (SR‑aGVHD) in children aged 2 months and older. It uses donor-derived bone marrow MSCs, making it a groundbreaking, off‑the‑shelf cell therapy based on MSCs.

Generally, no, MSC therapy (especially intravenous infusion) is not painful at all. But when MSCs are injected directly into joints or soft tissue like in orthopedic or knee treatments. Some patients report temporary discomfort. Reddit users describe knee injections causing significant pain that typically fades over 3 to 5 days. Mild to moderate soreness afterwards is expected depending on the injection site and volume. Patients often manage it with over‑the‑counter pain relief.

Dr. David Greene

MD, PhD, MBA

Dr. David Greene, MD, PhD, MBA, is a pioneering leader in regenerative medicine and healthcare marketing. As a residency and fellowship-trained orthopedic surgeon, Dr. Greene transitioned from clinical practice to become the founder and CEO of R3 Stem Cell and US Lead Network, where he has revolutionized patient care and medical practice growth through innovative therapies and digital marketing strategies. He has authored two influential books on healthcare internet marketing, ranks among the top expert authors globally, and has been featured on the cover of Corporate Vision magazine for his impact on global regenerative therapies. Beyond his professional achievements, Dr. Greene is passionate about education, compassion, and continuous innovation. 

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